1899
June 3
United Court of Appeal revokes 1894 verdict and orders Dreyfus to be retried by court-martial in Rennes.

June 5
Zola returns to France.

June 9
Dreyfus sails to France; Picquart freed.

August 7 to September 9
Rennes Trial. Dreyfus declared guilty again and condemned to public degradation and 10 years imprisonment.

September 19
At the instigation of his family who fear for his survival, Dreyfus accepts pardon to enable him to prove his innocence.

September 21
Dreyfus arrives in Carpentras.

1900

April 14
Exposition Universelle in Paris.

1902
Publication in Russia of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion; Polish and Russian pogroms continue, heralding widespread massacres of Jewish communities.

September 2
Zola dies mysteriously at home from asphyxiation.

THE REHABILITATION

1903 April 4
Jean Jaurès demands in the Chamber of Deputies revision of Rennes verdict.

1905
French legislation separates Church and State.

1906 July 12
The Supreme Court of Appeal in Paris annuls the Rennes verdict and declares Dreyfus innocent of all the charges against him.

July 13
Parliament votes to reinstate Dreyfus and Picquart into the Army.

July 21
Dreyfus is awarded the Legion of Honour at public ceremony.

October 15
Dreyfus resumes military duties.

October 25
Clemenceau becomes Prime Minister. Picquart is appointed Minister of War.